Chang'an, China
For a time in the 8th Century, Chang'an was the largest city in the world and was the capital city of China during the Tang Dynasty. With an active cultural scene and busy trade markets, the city boasted a population of over 1 million people. The site was an ideal one with a mountain range providing natural defences, and fertile lands allowing the growth of fruitful crops. The layout of the city was laid out in a grid pattern featuring two large marketplaces, and formed the urban template for numerous Asian cities to come. The city was also the host of the First Qin Emperor's imperial court, and where he built his mausoleum, protected by the famous Terracotta Warriors. The location of the city has varied slightly as various dynasties have ruled over time, and today the nearby city is known as Xi'an.