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A swamp that spread from the Euphrates in the 10th century. Both the Euphrates and Tigris pass through the shallow waters of this swamp--which made traveling through it dangerous. While the Euphrates' boundaries became lost and increasingly dangerous, the Tigris' boundaries, however, were clearly marked by navigable lagoons called Hawr. This lead to the Tigris becoming the major bearer of ships for the sprawling city of Baghdad, and thus the river which caliph al-Mansur chose to build and from which the city of Baghdad sprawled forth. This swamp is located immediately above the Basrah Estuary and drains out into the Persian Gulf by a channel that continues through Basrah to 'Abbadan.See Also: Euphrates River, Tigris River, Arvandrud River.Source: Strange 5-9